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Dam trochę cytatów z książki Bruce Fraser "Real World Camera Raw"
Shadows. The Shadows slider is the black clipping control. It works very like the black input slider in Photoshop's Levels, letting you darken the shadows to set the black level. But since the Shadows control operates on the linear-gamma data, small moves tend to make bigger changes than the black input slider in Levels.
Brightness. Unlike its image-destroying counterpart in Photoshop, Camera Raw's Brightness control is a non-linear adjustment that works very much like the gray input slider in Levels. It lets you redistribute the midtone values without clipping the highlights or shadows. Note, however, that when you raise Brightness to values greater than 100, you can drive 8-bit highlight values to 255, which looks a lot like highlight clipping, but if you check the 16-bit values after conversion, you'll probably find that they aren't clipped.
Contrast. The Contrast slider also differs from the Photoshop adjustment of the same name. While Photoshop's Contrast is a linear shift, Camera Raw's Contrast applies an S-curve to the data, leaving the extreme shadows and highlights alone. Increasing the Contrast value from the default setting of +25 lightens values above the midtones and darkens values below the midtones, while reducing the Contrast value from the default does the reverse. Note that the midpoint around which Contrast adds the S-Curve is determined by the Brightness value
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Dodam jeszcze fajny Tip z cytowanej przeze mnie książki:
Tip
Don't Be Afraid to Reduce Contrast. Many photographers are hesitant to reduce the value of a slider labeled "Contrast," but if you're looking to brighten the dark three-quarter tones without affecting the midtones, reducing the Contrast value will do a better job than increasing the Brightness value. If you're worried about the image going flat, rest assured that you can put plenty of punch back into the shadows using either the Shadows slider or the Curve tab. In the case of this image, leaving the Contrast slider at default, or increasing the Contrast value, would have a much greater effect on the highlights (due to the high Brightness value) than on the darker tones, and would actually undo some of the highlight recovery!
